Carpal Tunnel Syndrome



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Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition that causes pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and wrist. It happens when there is increased pressure within the wrist on a nerve called the median nerve. This nerve provides sensation to the thumb, index, and middle fingers, and to half of the ring finger. The little finger is typically not affected.

It affects people who use their wrists and hands repeatedly at work and at play. Anyone can get carpel tunnel syndrome, but it is unusual before age 20. The chance of getting carpal tunnel syndrome increases with age.

Who is at risk for carpal tunnel syndrome?

People at risk for carpal tunnel syndrome are those who do activities or jobs that involve repetitive finger use. Motions that can place people at risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome include:

  • High-force (hammering).
  • Long-term use.
  • Extreme wrist motions.
  • Vibration.

Many other factors can also contribute to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. These factors can include:

  • Heredity (smaller carpal tunnels can run in families).
  • Pregnancy
  • Wrist fracture and dislocation.
  • Arthritic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
  • Thyroid gland hormone imbalance
  • Diabetes.
  • Alcoholism.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is also more common in women than in men.

Symptoms

  • Tingling in the fingers.
  • Decreased feeling in the fingertips.
  • Difficulty using the hand for small tasks, like:
    • Handling small objects.
    • Grasping a steering wheel to drive.
    • Holding a book to read.
    • Using a computer keyboard.

In the most severe condition, the muscles at the base of the thumb visibly shrink in size (atrophy).

How is carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosed?

Tests are performed, which may include:

  • Tinel’s sign: In this test, the physician taps over the median nerve at the wrist to see if it produces a tingling sensation in the fingers.
  • Wrist flexion test (or Phalen test): In this test, the patient rests his or her elbows on a table and allows the wrist to fall forward freely. Individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome will experience numbness and tingling in the fingers within 60 seconds. The more quickly symptoms appear, the more severe the carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • X-rays: X-rays of the wrist may be ordered if there is limited wrist motion or evidence of arthritis or trauma.
  • Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies: These studies determine how well the median nerve itself is working and how well it controls muscle movement.

MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENTS

  • Steroids injection
  • Platelet-rich plasma injection

PRP THERAPY

Platelet-rich plasma is a form of regenerative medicine. It uses injections of your own blood platelets to help with healing.

What Is Platelet-Rich Plasma?

Platelets, or thrombocytes, are a type of blood cell. Their main function is clotting blood. They’re produced in your bone marrow. Platelets contain growth factors. These are proteins that may be helpful in healing injuries.

How Does Platelet-Rich Plasma Work?

A healthcare professional will collect a small amount of your blood (approx. 15-20 ml only). They will place your blood into a centrifuge. This spins your blood at different speeds until it separates into different layers. One layer is the platelet-rich plasma. This layer of plasma may have as much as three-four times more platelets than regular blood.‌

The platelet-rich plasma will then be injected into your affected area. We will first numb the area with local anaesthetic. The pain at the site may increase for the first 1-2 days. It could take 1 week before you feel any improvement.‌

After your treatment, we will recommend you to:

  • Avoid taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications ( NSAIDs) after your treatment as this may block the effect

  • Avoid activities that put stress on the area of treatment for a few days

Is Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment Effective?

The effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma treatment depends on several factors, including:

  • Your overall health
  • Whether your injury is chronic (it developed over time) or acute (sudden and serious)
  • Which part of your body needs treatment
  • The preparation of the platelet-rich plasma treatment

Many clinical trials have supported its use.

Some studies have found that platelet-rich plasma injections significantly reduced pain compared to placebos. People’s physical function also improved significantly. These benefits continued at 3, 6 and 12 month follow-ups.

There’s no chance of an allergy or immune reaction to platelet-rich plasma treatment because the plasma is taken from your own blood. Side effects and complications are rare.

What does the procedure involve?

The doctor will clean the area over the joint and insert a small needle into the fluid-filled area around the joint bones under imaging guidance. When it is in the correct position, they will inject the PRP into the joint. They will remove the needle and cover the injection site with a small dressing.

Why Not (Contraindication)?

Occasionally it is difficult to inject much medicine into the joint space, especially if the joint is extremely swollen. If this is the case, other medicines may be prescribed to reduce the swelling before the injections are tried again.

What you are to do before the procedure (Preparation)?

  1. Book a prior appointment if elective or get admission in causality if an emergency
  2. Lab investigation (*PT/INR, CBC), XRAY, CT/MRI scan, and previous records.
  3. 2-3 Hours fasting.
  4. If you are on a blood thinner like Aspirin, inform us during the appointment.
  5. One accompanying person
  6. Need to sign a consent form for the procedure

Approx. Stay in the hospital?

We have a very fast and competent working team (Consultant, fellow, clinical assistant, technician, and ward assistant) which provides you with a comfortable atmosphere and eases your nerves. The usual time of stay is around a few hours.

Complications

Every procedure carries a risk, although this is extremely small. The risk of infection with this procedure is extremely small as no incisions are made in the skin.

Resume working?

You can resume your work after 1 day if the existing disease allows.

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